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Franz Pfanner (born 1825, Langen, Vorarlberg – 24 May 1909) was an Austrian Trappist monk and founder of (Mariannhill Monastery ) in South Africa and the Mariastern Abbey in Banja Luka, Bosnia. ==Life== Born to Francis Anton Pfanner and Anna Maria Fink, in 1838, Franz Pfanner attended high schools in Feldkirch and humanistic studies at Innsbruck. Later, he studied philosophy in Padua (1845) and theology in Brixen (1846). In 1848, he battled tuberculosis. On 27 July 1850, he was appointed parish priest at Haselstauden, near Dornbirn. In 1859, he was appointed an Austrian army chaplain in the Italian campaign against Napoleon III, but the war was over before he could take up his appointment. After serving as confessor to the Sisters of Mercy at Agram for several years and operating a ministry in the prison of Lepoglava, he went to Rome (in 1862 for the canonization of the Japanese martyrs), where he came into contact with the Trappists for the first time. Awaiting his bishop's permission to join this order, he went on a pilgrimage to Palestine in 1863. On 9 October he enters the Trappist Priory of Mariawald (Germany). He was later professed at the priory and made sub-prior He returned to Rome in 1866, where he reorganized the well-known monastery at Tre Fontane. In 1867, he set up a new Trappist monastery in Austria (Donaumonarchy). He also conceived the idea of a foundation in Turkey. In 1869, despite serious difficulties he opened the monastery of Mariastern in Bosnia, near Banja Luka, which was raised to the status of an abbey in 1879. In 1879, (Bishop James David Ricards of the Eastern Vicariate of the Cape of Good Hope ) was in Europe, seeking Trappists to evangelize the local Africans. At the General Chapter of Sept-Fons (France), Ricards of Grahamstown (South Africa), makes an appeal for a Trappist foundation in the area of the Sunday River. Pfanner stated "If no one will go, I will go."〔(Profile of Abbot Pfanner ), emausheritagecentre.org.za; accessed 21 August 2015.〕 At the end of July 1880, he arrived at Dunbrody, the site purchased by Bishop Ricards, arriving with with a team of about 30 monks from Mariastern. Due to drought, winds and baboons, he declared the site unsuitable after a trial of several years. With the permission of Bishop Charles Jolivet, O.M.I., of the Natal Vicariate, in December 1882, he purchased Land Colonization Company a part of the Zoekoegat farm, near Pinetown. The (monastery of Mariannhill ) was built here. In 1884 there were the first public baptism of African persons. Finding the need of a sisterhood to teach girls, he founded the Missionary Sisters of the Precious Blood.〔(History of the Missionary Sisters of the Precious Blood ), cpsmariannhill.org.za; accessed 21 August 2015.〕 On 27 December 1882 the (Monastery of Mariannhill ) is founded, near Durban. In 1885, Mariannhill was created an abbey, and Pfanner elected as the first mitred abbot. In 1898, it became the largest Christian monastery in the world, with 285 monks.〔Richard Elphick, T. R. H. Davenport, ''Christianity in South Africa: A Political, Social, and Cultural History'' (1997), p. 199.〕 In 1890, he was appointed Vicar General of the Order for South Africa. In 1893 he resigned his prelacy. In 1894, at the outstation of Lourdes Mission, together with Bro. Xavier, Pfanner takes up residence at the mission station of Emaus, where he remained until his death in 1909 at Emaus.〔(Profile of Abbot Pfanner ), emausheritagecentre.org.za; accessed 21 August 2015.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Franz Pfanner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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